An Examination of Deontology and Utilitarianism in Deeply...

An Examination of Deontology and Utilitarianism in Deeply Moral Situations Samuel Adams (1722 - 1803), an American patriot and politician, once stated, Mankind are governed more by their feelings than by reason[1]. This statement is significant, as it undermines two of the primary ethical doctrines in philosophy - the deontological perspective defended by Immanuel Kant (1724 - 1804) in Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals (634), and utilitarianism, supported by John Stuart Mill (1806 - 1873) in his essay, Utilitarianism (667). Deontology and utilitarianism are contrasting theories. The former focuses on the intrinsic moral worth of our actions, whereas the latter argues that the consequences of our actions determine†¦show more content†¦In this situation, the prospect of losing one or more of her children will undoubtedly cause the woman tremendous emotional anguish. Her plight corroborates Adams statement and implies that it is impossible to arrive at a rational decision in moral situations that elicit an emotional response. If the woman approaches the situation from a deontological standpoint, her decision will be influenced by her desire to act from duty and uphold a maxim that encompasses moral worth. For example, could the woman act according to a maxim that supposes it is prudent (in dire circumstances such as those in which she finds herself) to sacrifice one persons life to save the lives of others? If this maxim can be proved valid (i.e., universalizable), it seems evident that she will choose to kill one child to preserve the lives of the other two. However, this maxim is clearly not universalizable, as it involves using someone as a means to an end. Kant emphasizes, Man must always be regarded as an end in himself. Therefore I cannot dispose of man in my own person so as to mutilate, corrupt, or kill him (662). The child who is to be murdered will obviously not consent to this fate for the reason that it is a duty to preserve ones life, and everyone has a direct inclination to do s o (645). As a result, he will not be considered an end in himself, as he will not agree to share in the purpose of his mothers action (663).Show MoreRelatedApplication of Ethical Theories12285 Words   |  50 Pagesethics is a specialized branch of ethics focusing on how moral standards apply to business organizations and behavior (Velasques, 1998). As such, it cannot be understood separately from the general ideas of ethics, and the general ethical theories apply to business ethics as well (Hunt Vitell, 1986; Fritzsche Becker, 1984; Schumann, 2001; Lahdesnati, 2005). Normative ethical theory offers different moral theories, each prescribing a set of moral rules that individuals can apply in the process of decidingRead MoreThe Effects of Ethical Climates on Bullying Behaviour in the Workplace13824 Words   |  56 Pagespersonality of the victim (Bjorkqvist et al.,  ¨ 1994), a general negative evaluation of the leadership Ethical Climate and Bullying style and conï ¬â€šict resolution strategies of the employee’s immediate supervisor (TÄ ±naz, 2006; Vartia, 1996), low moral standards and culture (Einarsen, 1999), and a combination of organizational, work group and personal factors (Zapf, 1999) have been mentioned. However, bullying or mobbing behaviour does not occur in isolation, this behaviour evolves during time andRead MoreEntertainment Media Ethics : Music And Music Videos8248 Words   |  33 Pagesindustry would require picking up logic, thinking about the effects of the music and music videos on audiences. Ethics is needed in the music industry to build credibility among artistes and fans, to build trustworthiness. It will make music makers think deeply about the work they create, about the meanings that they convey with those words and the effects their music have on audiences. In line with Plato who believed that musicians are imitations of the physical world which is in turn an imitation of the

Race And Ethnic Relations In Society. Society Has Established

Race and Ethnic Relations in Society Society has established itself as a place in which hierarchies are established in order to work as a whole. The different levels of this hierarchies can be influenced based on things such as race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and religion. One of the main controversial issues in society is how race and ethnicity can be used as labels for some individuals. Race is based on physical characteristics such as skin color, facial features, or stature (Healey Stepnick, 2016). In the other hand, ethnicity is based on cultural traits such as religion, language, dress styles, or speech patterns (Healey Stepnick, 2016). Furthermore, differences in beliefs about which race and ethnicity should be the†¦show more content†¦Eventually, the creations of this laws can lead to a conflict between different races. Analyzing the United States history various past and current struggles between the White American dominant group and racial and ethnic minor ities can be brought to light. A good example of this could be the creation of Jim Craw laws. For instance, Southern cities created laws that forced African Americans to ride on the back of the bus. If they were to denied riding on the back then they would get arrested (Healey Stepnick, 2016). These laws were created with the purpose of keeping the belief of white supremacy in the United States which also allowed for the marginalization of African Americans minorities. Certainly, conflict can also arise when the minority group is perceived as a threat by the dominant group. A good example of this could be the Jewish holocaust. German Nazis started to believe that they were racially superior to the Jewish. In addition, because they considered themselves as the superior race they believed that they were entitled to have control over the country’s resources. Furthermore, as mentioned by Hagan, Shedd, and Payne (2005), this theory can also explain crime by saying that the mistre atment, lack of power and subordination of races can play a role in crime rates. It is known that minorities have the highest incarceration rates. As mentioned by FranklinShow MoreRelatedAll Men Are Created Equal1103 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversial issue of race continues to strain our country as we pursue to achieve ultimate tolerance for all. To combat inequalities, we must identify the obstacles that refrain us from establishing complete equality. In Models of American Ethnic Relations: A Historical Perspective, historian George M. Fredrickson writes extensively about the ethnic relations between different races and religions throughout American history. 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Fleras (2017) defines multiculturalism as a set of principles, policies, and practices for accommodating diversity as a legitimate and integral component of society. More in detail, the Multiculturalism Act (1988) declared that the Government of Canada must â€Å"recognize and promote the understanding that multiculturalism reflects the cultural and racial diversity of Canadian society and acknowledges theRead MoreDebating Sex and Gender and After Identity1479 Words   |  6 PagesName: Professor: Course: Date: In Debating Sex and Gender and After Identity, Dr. Warnke presents various arguments that demonstrate how sex, gender, and race are all social constructs. Do you agree or disagree with her argument, and why? Concepts of sex, gender and race in English language have undergone uncountable naturalization and universalities, to a point that they are now considered to have always been present. There are numerous arguments that revolve around the threeRead MoreCultural Identity And Ethnic Identity1253 Words   |  6 Pages When thinking about a Native American understanding the racial and ethnic identity of an individual is important part of that individual. Racial and ethnic identity is a contribution to complete understanding the Native American. For some mainly noticeable and officially clear in minority populations in the United States, racial and ethnic identity are established in very sensible way. The ways in which racial and ethnic is establish is shown in the social and cultural motivations. At theRead More1.Ethnic Niche Are Creations Within Industries Or Occupations1362 Words   |  6 Pages1. Ethnic niche are creations within industries or occupations that affect the desirability and availability of jobs that leads to ethnic division (Race, Ethnicity, and the American Labor Market: What’s at Work?, p. 5). They are basically inclinations for certain types of workers. Ethnic niches can be good environments to have in the workforce if one’s personal ethnic or racial group is included. But, ethnic niches can bar certain groups from getting the jobs and limiting mobility within them. TheRead MoreDiscrimination And Unequal Rights Within Society1198 Words   |  5 PagesPeople living in any country fall upon a certain group in society. Depending on what race they are defines what group they fall under. Two groups that ranks race are the minority (subordinate) gr oup and the majority (dominant) group. Subordinate groups are recognized by their lack of opportunities when it comes to education and wealth, as well as control such as voting, positions of authority, and other privileges that are easily obtainable by the dominant group. Five characteristics also distinguishRead MorePolice Influence On Society : The United States943 Words   |  4 PagesPolice Influence on Society The United States is one of the most civilized and structured countries in the World. Since the early settlers came to the new country and established settlements there has been a need for law enforcement. As most of the settlers immigrated from English colonies it is no surprise that law enforcement in the new world was modeled from English culture however, no matter if its United States or England government is the foundation of law enforcement. As such, policing

An Introduction to Metallurgy

Question: Describe about An introduction to metallurgy? Answer: The healthier device or machine is measure according to low cost maintains as well as depending on the low cost manufacturing. The barbecue is made by the help of the Stainless steel, because it is low operational cost as well as the economic rate of the material is also low and better respect of the other engineering materials (Cottrell, 1995). The construction of the barbecue is also depends some valuable factors, which are shown in below. Accessibility of the material(should be readily available or easily creatable Cost or Prize of the material used and (Cheaper as possible and also durable at the same time) Stability of the material in the operational situation or environment.(Should be able to bear large amounts of thermal stress) Often ferrite materials are used for the making of barbeque grills. The main The Stainless Steel is used for the making of the Barbecue plate. Also the materials used must be weather resistant and can be used in both extreme heat and extreme cold temperatures. The surface finishes made to the body should also be fine and smooth so that the grills mounted on top should fit perfectly. Also the presence of any unevenness can result in uneven heat distribution and lead to damage of the entire product. The material is water proof and also works on the high temperature. In most cases the temperatures used is about 230-250 degree Fahrenheit about (121 degree Celsius). The highest temperature used is about 1700 degree Fahrenheit which is about 927 degree Celsius. The melting point of the engineering material or Stainless Steel is 1500 degree Celsius, which helps to improve the basic construction of the barbecue model, hence it is a perfect choice for the body. B. The computer chassis or computer case is the main part that holds the parts inside the central processing unit together. Hence it must be lightweight and durable at the same time. Most of the Computer and Laptop manufacturer are used for making the laptop and computer always by the help of the metals or plastic engineering materials.Often SECC (or steel electro galvanized, cold rolled coil)is used for the manufacture of the chassis (Smallman and Bishop, 1999). Plastic engineering materials are in very light weighted and it is also very easy to make a form or shape cy the help of moulding procedure. The thickness of the plastic determines the durability and also the price of the case. The metals are used for some basic purposes because the cost of the metals are very high as well as weight respect of the other engineering materials for making the computer and laptop. Due to the issues of cost and effectiveness only four materials can be considered: Aluminium- Aluminium is durable. Another important property of aluminium is that it is greatly ductile; hence it is quite easily beaten into sheets. It is highly corrosion resistant. Thermoplastic polymer- The dictionary defines thermoplastic polymer as soft solid that changes its form irreversibly when exposed to 200 Celsius and through a suitable (Kerrod, 2002). Due to this property they can be easily set into moulds to form their required shape. Mild steel- It also has durability and malleability and is also cheaper than that of aluminium. But still aluminium wins the race because aluminium is more malleable than steel. Another disadvantage is that is often quite heavy due to its high density. Titanium-This is the most expensive one of the lot as it is the one that provides the maximum amount of strength and durability and it is also difficult to beat it into sheets because of its huge strength.It also has the highest corrosion resistance and not easily prone to cracks. Often the cases made with titanium are used in military equipment. The best engineering material for making the computer and laptop is the alloy of the Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene or ABS plastic and Polycarbonate or PC (Fiell and Fiell, 2009). The mixture of the ABS and PC is the best materials for the computer and laptopbecause the cost of construction is quite low. The combination of the two gives a more lightweight solution on the construction because the addition of the polycarbonate to ABS reduces its density. Another important point to mention is that the strength required to break ABS is around 30-65 Mpa while that of ABS+PC is 60Mpa. This tells us that ABS has more of a fluctuating value of the yielding stress (the greater the thickness the greater is the yielding strength). For this section, we selecting the above case study or Task 1 (a). In this section the barbecue is consist by the help of the Stainless Steel respect of the other engineering materials. For a material to be used as an engineering material, it must have a few qualities like cheap construction, strength and durability in terms of heat produced (i.e. it should be able to withstand large changes in temperature and also not get deformed under the process) and also on the maintenance costs incurred on the grill itself (Dasgupta, 2012). In other words, the installation cost of the used material is low respect of the others engineering materials. The construction of the barbecue by the help of engineering material is also depending on some common factors, which are already discussed in above section of the paper. The selecting engineering material or Stainless Steel is mouldedand also form a barbecue, which is used in outside of the home for that reason the selecting material is so useful because Stainless Steel is water proof (and also weather proof). The Stainless Steel is also helpful for the above mention case study because the constructed barbecue is operated or burns by the help of the LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas and Charcoal. The burning temperature of the charcoal is in range of 7000 degree Celsius or 900 degree Celsius and flaming temperature of LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas is depends on the compressed gas (Kerrod, 2002). The flaming temperature of the LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas is different in range according to the nature of the compressed gas such as, normal house hold LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (mixture of Propane Butane) is 1970 degree Celsius when its burning with air or normal condition. And respect of the combustion of the charcoal and LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas, the melting point of selecting engineering material or Stainless Steel is 1500 degree Celsius, which is quite good respect of Mild Steel and Aluminium. TheSelecting engineering material or Stainless Steel is containing low carbon and large amount of chromium contents. For that reason the burning of fuel (LPG or Liquefied Petroleum Gas) or charcoal are having low capitulate strength and also having great amount of elongation authorizes, which is successfully outward appearance of composite size or shape. In the barbecue cooking gates or grids are for grill the food or meat, which is in the surface of the barbecue (Moniz, 1994). It is also this part that is directly in contact with the flames at all times and hence the most common partto get damaged quite easily.Also the thickness of the grills is also under debate. The thicker they are the lesser amount of heat iscoming in contact with the meat that is cooked. Hence in other words, thinner grills mean better cooked food and thicker ones means that the food is lesser cooked. The materials used for the cooking surface or more specifically the grills have to be- (a)Strong and resilient to thermal stresses, (b) It should be able to transfer heat quickly and efficiently, (c) It should be durable, (d) It should keep the food from sticking to each other. Hence the materials considered for this process are the cast iron, porcelain coated cast iron, stainless steel, and porcelain coated steel. Now we often prefer cast iron grills because they are resistant to high temperatures. Hence they can cook the food quite quickly and easily. But it not free from all troubles. The cast iron ones tend to emit a lot of heat. They should be taken care of by proper oiling and greasing. But due to the high amount of heat emittedby them, they can burn off all the grease applied (Smallman and Bishop, 1999). Hence they need to be checked regularly for rusting by keeping them clean. A good quality cast iron grills can last for years if taken care of properly. Next we come to porcelain cast iron grills. They are quite cheap and come with various qualities. These ones are good but they come with their share of troubles. The cheap ones often tend to chip away due to wear and tear and expose the metal beneath. Now due to the constant presence of moisture and tend to rust the metals beneath the coating. Also once you use the porcelain ones we have to keep in mind of not scrubbing and hence removing the upper cover of porcelain and exposing the metal beneath.Now we come to stainless steel grates. Their advantage is in the fact they are quite easy to maintain and clean. They can never be rusted and are completely immune to any sort of corrosion.They are also cheaper than cast iron grills. The grill marks on the food come out to be very good. They are very durable and can last decades with proper care. But all is not roses with Stainless steel grills.They have a disadvantage of not being able to have the same amount of heat retentive capacities of cast iron (cast iron can hold more amount of heat). They can develop black colour due to the oxidation of the alloy at the contact with the food being cooked.Lastly we come to the porcelain coated stainless steel ones (Dor and Others, 2010). They also like their steel counterparts do not to rust. But due to the porcelain coating care has to be taken while cleaning them. No excess force should with hard substances as it can scrape of the porcelain coating.By the help of the cooking gates or grids the foods are easily grill but if we use iron gates or iron grids respect of Stainless Steel grids or gates then food are making with healthy because when iron grids or iron gates are used in barbecue then foods are containing more acidity respect of the Stainless Steel gates or grids. Hence taking into consideration all the pros and cons about the materials available we can safely take Stainless steel to be the best of the lot. References Cottrell, A. (1995).An introduction to metallurgy. London: Institute of Materials. Dasgupta, R. (2012). Aluminium Alloy-Based Metal Matrix Composites: A Potential Material for Wear Resistant Applications.ISRN Metallurgy, 2012, pp.1-14. Fiell, C. and Fiell, P. (2009).Plastic dreams. [London]: Fiell Pub. Kamdem, Y., Bouvard, D., Doremus, P., Imbault, D. and Dor, F. (2010).Production of bi-material tubular structures by powder metallurgy.Powder Metallurgy, 53(4), pp.274-277. Kerrod, R. (2002).Materials. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Moniz, B. (1994).Metallurgy. Homewood, Ill.: American Technical Publishers. Smallman, R. and Bishop, R. (1999).Modern physical metallurgy and materials engineering. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann. Smallman, R., Ngan, A. and Smallman, R. (2007).Physical metallurgy and advanced materials. Amsterdam: Butterworth Heinemann.

Racism A Social Issue in the USA Essay Example

Racism A Social Issue in the USA Essay My Ideological Perspective: Disaffected Comfort Dondo-Dewey SOWK 281 December 5th, 2013 Dr. Katharine Hill Introduction The purpose of this paper is to critically identify and analyze how the multiple influences have shaped my Ideological world views on important social issues such as, poverty, racism, classism,immigration,obesity,crime and the Justice system as well as health care disparities. In this paper, I will identify how these worldview perspectives relate to some of the principles listed in the NASW Code of Ethics; Social work for social Justice and also the UN Declaration on Human Rights principles. Lastly, this paper attempts to identify any conflicts and or harmonies I possess towards the professional frameworks of social work. Religious and Socio-economical Perspectives Based on my responses to the political typology quiz, I am Disaffected, along with 11% of the American public. The Disaffected are a group of individuals that is highly critical of both government and business, while sympathizing with the poor by supporting social welfare programs. Immigration matters are a strong concern for this group. For the most part, the majority of this group believes that the country annot solve many of its important problems and they are conservative both religiously and socially. This group of people is comprised of people who are mostly financially stressed; nearly half describe their households as struggling and about two-thirds only have a high school education or less. 26% possess a US passport, which is below the national average. Interestingly, 23% of this group of people follow NASCAR racing compared to the national average of 33%. More disaffected is parents (44%). We will write a custom essay sample on Racism A Social Issue in the USA specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Racism A Social Issue in the USA specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Racism A Social Issue in the USA specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer To a larger extend, the typology quiz was somewhat accurate; I do sympathize ith the poor and also support social welfare programs. On the contrary, however, I do entirely believe that country can solve its issues and I believe that I am a liberal socially and religiously. I believe my Ideological perspectives and values have been greatly influenced my religious and social upbringing; born and raised in a conservative, rich and very traditional family, I grew up looking at life from the lens of a socially, religiously, conservative and privileged perspective. Having said so, however, I have not always agreed with my fathers involvement in Zimbabwean politics and the corruption that specially the unequal distribution of wealth between those in politics and government and the average person in Zimbabwe. I have always had my own disagreements with the institution of dictatorship and patriarchy; I still believe that most of my young adult life, I have looked at life from a more conservative lens, but also questioned inequalities in my community. Changes in Perspectives Immigrating to the United States at a very young age forced me to live and experience other cultures and religions, especially while attending the College of Saint Catherine. Upon arriving at the College of Saint Catherine, my life changed ecause I was given the opportunity to gain exposure to life experiences that were taboo to my belief systems, including exposure to the LGBTQ community and other religious practices other than the Christian practice that I am familiar with; I have been exposed to Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Atheism to name a few. Being a minority woman, for the first time, it was easy for me to associate with others from different cultures who were similar to myself; hence my ability to change my perspectives on some social, religious and also socio-economic issues. My views and my definition of poverty have changed since I moved to the United States. I used to have a limited knowledge of what it meant to be a minority group or to be poor. Having to deal with the triple Jeopardies of being female, black and an immigrant, I have endured issues like discrimination in the work place and realizing obvious income disparities and this has pushed me into the marginalized groups. Iceland and Wilson (2009), state that areas segregated by race and class frequently saddle poor people with high rent burdens, lack of access to housing, wealth, and housing health risks. All of these factors, as well as historic disenfranchisement, contribute to higher, largely entrenched poverty rate. Every year I have lived in the United States, I have encountered multiple experiences that have changed my perspectives on economic, socio-political and religious perspectives. My views on racism, poverty, and class to name a few have changed as I gain better understanding of my position in a society in which I am a minority. I used to believe that everyone can make it in the idea of the American dream if they only worked hard; in this same mindset, I used to think that those people who were living in poverty, were not trying hard enough but these views have changed with my own personal experiences. I now understand the systematic ways in which minorities are marginalized and are often under- represented in policy making and are somehow held back from higher paying positions making it difficult for certain populations to advance. NASW Code of Ethics UN Declaration of Human Rights According to the NASW (2008) value for Social Justice, the primary mission of the social work profession is to enhance human wellbeing and to help meet the basic human needs of all people with a particular attention to the needs and empowerment of people who are vulnerable, oppressed and living in poverty. This is ne of the most important roles that social and poor while supporting social welfare systems, therefore agreeing with the NASW mission for the social work practice. This is accurate because I do sympathize with those who are less fortunate and the marginalized and vulnerable members of the society. According to the United each person needs for a healthy and comfortable life, including food, clothing, housing, medical care and other social services. People have the right to help if they are unable to work. Mothers and children should receive special care and help. This supports my views on those who are poor, vulnerable and marginalized. I believe that it is important to be an advocate for those who do not have the means to speak for themselves and become the middle -man between the resources they need to get and assist them getting those resources. As stated by the United Nations, I believe all human beings deserve an access to basic lifes needs like food, shelter, clothing and medical care. Conflicts Harmonies with professional frameworks of social work According to Stuart (2012), social work draws from many frameworks for practice, but some of these frameworks have had more influence on the profession of social work han others. Among the many different types of frameworks are the Ecosystem perspective, the Strengths perspective, cultural competence perspective, social work ethics and values, social work licensure, and social work practice expectations. Among these many frameworks of practice, I lean towards the strengths perspective and the social work ethics and values more than the cultural competency and the Ecosystems perspective for several reasons. In applying the Strengths perspective in social work practice, the assumption is that every individual, family, group or ommunity has some strength and focusing on them leads to growth and overcoming difficulties. I am in harmony with this perspective because it empowers the clients who in most cases do not have that sense of empowerment. I believe a long- term solution to helping others is not to simply give resources but to teach them how to access them and the strengths perspective seems to draw off of this thought. I do not strongly agree with the cultural competency perspective based on how the NASW defines it; Social workers should understand culture and its function in human ehavior and society, recognizing the strengths that exist in all cultures (NASW 2008). This idea seems to contradict the concept of social workers being learners from their clients. I do not believe that culture is stagnant, it keeps changing as suggested by Laird (1998bbecoming culturally competent is becoming increasingly challenging, he questions whether one can become competent in a culture that is going through constant change. For instance, trying to comprehend the culture of African American individuals, whose culture was defined through slavery, present day African Americans are trying to redefine their own culture based on the present day situation where we have the first African American president. This school of thought argues that instead of becoming competent in their clients cultures, social workers should be aware of their own cultures and be the informed not knowers, so that they can learn about their clients culture from that clients perspective (Laird(1998). I agree with the fact that one cannot learn about other peoples culture or traditions from simply reading or researching about it because within each culture, there are eparate individual families with diverse norms, therefore I disagree with the Cultural Competency based practice. Mo Ye Lee (2005), states that often in social work practice, there is a tendency to pathologize clients, requiring a diagnosis as part of the helping relationshiop. Lee suggests that as we go out to practice, it may be good to assume that not all the clients you will encounter have problems but maybe wrong. I agree with this idea because it seems like a powerful insightful philosophy. This is in essence the strengths -based approach and I am in agreement with this ramework of social work practice. Lastly, I am also in disagreement with the Ecosystems perspective in social work practice; it focuses on the interplay between the person and his or her environment. It seems to focus on the present environment and I think that a persons past experiences play a huge role in their present environment. Although it is true that an individuals environment influences their whole being, the Ecosystem theory seems to ignore the fact that people have a past and that may be the causative agent of the present environment and personal traits. I believe in a holistic approach to social work practice because people are complex and have different needs and wants. Conclusion In conclusion, my religious and cultural upbringing has greatly influenced how I look at the world, but I now must add my own personal life experiences how they can change ones worldview. Although I was raised in a privileged, politically and religiously conservative background, these views have changed over the years as I have had my own personal life experiences which have changed my definitions of some social issues like racism and poverty. As a result, this has increased my illingness to work towards the elimination of some of these inequalities in the society. As Nelson Mandela stated in his popular Long Walk to Freedom Speech, people are taught to hate but they can also learn to love and love is easier than hate so people can easily learn to do the right thing. I was raised in one way that molded my perspectives on so many topics, but I also learned from my environment over time and this has changed many of my world views. References Dean, R. G. (2001). The Myth of Cross-cultural Competence . Families in Society:The Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 623-625. Marla-Berg-Weger. (2013). Social Work and Social Welfare. New York : Routledge. Nations, U. (2013, August 23). www. unitednations. org. Retrieved from www. un. org/humanrights/clause25: http:// unitednation. rog Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 623-625 Dean, R. G. (2001). The Myth of Cross-cultural Competence . Families in Society:The Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 623-625. Marla-Berg-Weger. (2013). Social Work and Social Welfare. New York : Routledge. Nations, U. (2013, August 23). www. unitednations. org. Retrieved from www. un. org/humanrights/clause25: http://unitednation. rog